The italian air force, called the regia aeronautica in italian, was officially established in 1923 as an independent part of the italian armed forces. The grumman tbf avenger designated tbm for aircraft manufactured by general motors is an american torpedo bomber developed initially for the united states navy and marine corps, and eventually used by several air and naval aviation services around the world the avenger entered u. In 1944 a soviet marine air force unit stationed near murmansk is fighting off the german bombers attacking the british navy convoys supplying the soviet union with war materials under the lendlease agreement. The sm84 served in the torpedo bomber role for about a year. An intelligence report torpedo bomber italian sm79 on the italian savoiamarchetti sm79 or s. Its mission, codenamed operation judgment, was a presumptuous one. Its most notable achievement was the torpedoing of the hms nelson, which put british battleship out of commission for six months. Italian ww2 equipment was not as bad as some think. Pdf savoia marchetti s 79 sparviero torpedo bomber units. German air units later successfully emulated italian torpedo. Soviet movies in english the movie torpedo bombers. It first saw action during the spanish civil war and flew on all fronts in which italy was involved during world war ii. It was designed and built by mitsubishi and used in combat against china. This is a list of torpedo bomber aircraft, designed or adapted to carry a primary weapon load of one or more aerial torpedoes in an antishipping role.
The italian navy needed somebody with the insight of thaon di revel, with heavy focus on insidious units. How to say torpedo in italian whats the italian word for torpedo. Italian torpedobomber squadrons weapons and warfare. Translation for torpedo bomber in the free english italian dictionary and many other italian translations. The fiat g55 was described by the luftwaffe as the best. In his memoir war in a stringbag royal air force lt. It was designed by savoiamarchetti as a replacement for its successful sm. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading savoiamarchetti s. Some wellrespected exceptions include the macchi mc.
Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. Torpedo bombers came into existence just before the first world war almost as soon as aircraft were built that were capable of carrying the weight of a torpedo, and remained an important aircraft type until they were rendered obsolete by antiship missiles. Aircraft torpedo based on the shortened pattern 191015 torpedo. List of allied ships lost to italian surface vessels in. Ww2 torpedo bomber aircraft 19391945 military factory. On our site you can watch and download torpedo bombers with english and russian subtitles.
The torpedo plane, to only a slightly less extent, must also be a shortrange weapon. A modernized version of the breda 64 with an appreciable gain in performance, the breda 65. Operation halberd was a british naval operation that took place on 27 september 1941, during the second world war. It was made to test both the cloaking device mk2 mod from leto as well as the missile guidance mod from alysius. A german junkers ju88a17 bomber of kg77, the kind which attacked ugs38 on the night of 20 april 1944. While the damage to nelson was a success, the only one this type that italian torpedo bombers obtained, it was paid with the loss of six aircraft, and almost all the crews, more than 30 men. The royal navy launched the first allaircraft shiptoship naval attack in history, employing 21 fairey swordfish biplane torpedo bombers from the aircraft carrier hms. New gameplay features torpedo bombers and mine fields. One area in which the italian air force excelled was the torpedo bomber. The torpedo bombers generally attacked at dawn or dusk to make a low and unobserved approach toward the target. Aircraft carriers, dive bombers, and torpedo planes. They had some japanese aerial torpedoes, but my source campbell says they were not used due to frequent maintenance requirements.
The germans used the f5b aerial torpedo, derived from a norwegian design, and the f5w, of italian design. While their kind is obsolete today, torpedo bombers of world war 2 proved ultracritical in winning control of the atlantic, pacific and mediterranean theaters. It was the first air force to ever conduct both a reconnaissance flight and a bombing run, in late october of 1911. A torpedo bomber is a military aircraft designed primarily to attack ships with aerial torpedoes. It was the most important italian bomber of world war ii, and established a reputation that contrasted with most italian weapons of the day. Replace cavagnari as undersecretary of the navy and chief of staff. During world war 2, it became italys most successful bomber, and the most produced, with around 70 built between 1936 and early 1944. The dive bomber by reason of its very construction is a shortrange airplane and there are no longrange dive bombers in the world today.
The british were attempting to deliver a convoy from gibraltar to malta. Whether one could be designed is very questionable and if it could it would be so large as to be relatively ineffective. Overall, these numbers meant little in the war, and almost no other results were recorded by italian bombers. Bomber torpedo stock photos download 112 royalty free photos. German air units later successfully emulated italian torpedo bombing tactics and purchased torpedoes from italy. Nightshade torpedo bomber in a style of a todays fighter jet or bomber but with space capability.
Charles lamb, who piloted a fairey swordfish torpedo bomber during the strike, recalled the approach to the italian port. The convoy was escorted by several battleships and an aircraft carrier, to deter interference from the italian surface fleet, while a close escort of cruisers and destroyers provided an antiaircraft screen. However, this was at the cost of six aircraft losses. Designed to be launched from 6,5009,800 feet 2,0003,000m and used 3 drogue parachutes. How the battle of taranto inspired imperial japans attack. The landbased savoiamarchetti sm79 bomber is the most widely used of several types of aircraft employed by. Italian propaganda newsreel depicts attacks on british shipping near malta 1941. Although use of this plane was hindered by interservice rivalry before the war, the torpedo bomber was deployed to units by late 1940. Despite entering service with the regia aeronautica in 1941, it was retired from service before the sm.
The most famous attas include taranto, where fairey swordfish destroyed the italian battle fleet and the infamous surprise atta on pearl harbor by the japanese. The next day a merchant ship, empire pelican, was sunk by sm. The final order to carry out a full, airborne, torpedo and dive bomber attack on the italian fleet had come down at 7 oclock that evening. The torpedo bomber first appeared during the later years of world war one but served their most useful role in the second world war. Giuseppe cimicchi started the war as a bomber pilot, but switched to torpedo bombers and participated in over twenty attacks on shipping. Ala in recognition of the services rendered by the ala to military personnel during world war i. The mitsubishi b1m was a japanese torpedo bomber of the 1920s, also known as the navy type carrierborne attack aircraft. Italian air crews of the 281a squadriglia aerosiluranti. Entries are listed below in alphanumeric order 1toz. It does not include types equipped for the more general antisubmarine warfare asw role. Horizontal bombing proved to be a failure and only dive bombers and torpedo bombers achieved some results. However, by 1940 the regia aeronautica was a small fleet of mostly outdated aircraft. Mediterranean sea, south of sardinia, 27 september 1941. During the first year of the war, the italian torpedo bombers attacked individually, but by 1942 several planes flying at a comparatively close range would attack together.
Tow slipped when italian cruisers reappeared finished off by a s. Hit by aa fire and crashed in sea, an italian torpedo bomber savoiamarchetti s. The rest of the convoy reached malta with their supplies. The first wavewas split into two sections when three of the bombers and one torpedo bomber strayed from the main force while flying through thin clouds. Fairey swordfish officially obsolescent in 1939, the stringbag was still hunting uboats on veday, having outlived the plane that was supposed to replace it. The battle of taranto took place on the night of 1112 november 1940 during the second world war between british naval forces, under admiral andrew cunningham, and italian naval forces, under admiral inigo campioni. Ablack and white photo of an old navy bomber and torpedo plane former united states navy grumman tbm avenger torpedo bomber aircraft from world war ii.
There are a total of 51 ww2 torpedo bomber aircraft 19391945 in the military factory. By the autumn of 1942, the regia aeronautica reassigned the sm 84 to bomber units. Translations in context of torpedo in english italian from reverso context. After the armistice he enlisted in the duca daosta battalion, an italian air force infantry unit fighting alongside the allies in the italian campaign. The sm79 sparowhawk was one of the best medium bombers early on and a formidable torpedo bomber. Based on the italian 450 mm torpedo which was purchased from fiume in 1932. Soviet il2 flying tank and torpedo boat d3, german torpedo bomber he111h6, bomber ju88, italian destroyer navigatori, cruiser condottieri, british torpedo boat swordfish and many others. This was the best year for the italian torpedo bombers and also the year when the sm.